Linfoma anaplásico de células grandes asociado a implantes mamarios diagnosticado mediante punción por aguja fina. Caso clínico

Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a rare type of non-Hodgkin T-cell lymphoma, recently defined in the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of lymphoid neoplasms. It occurs more commonly when textured implants are used and appears clinically as a late seroma. Cytologically, these lesions are composed of large atypical cells with pleomorphic nucleus and an immunophenotype positive for T cell markers and CD30, and negative for ALK1. We report a 56-years-old woman with breast implants who developed a periprosthetic seroma three years after surgery. A fine needle aspiration of the lesion was carried out. Cytology and the immunocytochemical study revealed cells compatible with BIA-ALCL. The flow cytometric study was negative. Excisional biopsy of the capsule was performed, observing that the neoplastic cells were confined to the inner surface of the capsule. Imaging studies did not find evidence of disseminated disease. The present case demonstrates the importance of the study of any late periprosthetic effusion, which can be performed using fine needle aspiration.

[Anaplastic large cell lymphoma associated with breast implants, diagnosed by fine needle aspiration. Report of one case]. / Linfoma anaplásico de células grandes asociado a implantes mamarios diagnosticado mediante punción por aguja fina. Caso clínico.

Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a rare type of non-Hodgkin T-cell lymphoma, recently defined in the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of lymphoid neoplasms. It occurs more commonly when textured implants are used and appears clinically as a late seroma. Cytologically, these lesions are composed of large atypical cells with pleomorphic nucleus and an immunophenotype positive for T cell markers and CD30, and negative for ALK1. We report a 56-years-old woman with breast implants who developed a periprosthetic seroma three years after surgery. A fine needle aspiration of the lesion was carried out. Cytology and the immunocytochemical study revealed cells compatible with BIA-ALCL. The flow cytometric study was negative. Excisional biopsy of the capsule was performed, observing that the neoplastic cells were confined to the inner surface of the capsule. Imaging studies did not find evidence of disseminated disease. The present case demonstrates the importance of the study of any late periprosthetic effusion, which can be performed using fine needle aspiration.

Pólipo fibroide inflamatorio gástrico: presentación de un caso clínico patológico y revisión de la literatura / Inflammatory fibroid polyp of the gastrointestinal tract: clinical case and review of the literature

A case report of a 67 year old female presenting upper gastrointestinal symptoms characterized by epigastric pain and nausea. Her endoscopic examination reveals the presence of a polypoid submucosal lesion measuring 5 mm in diameter. Biopsies were reported as inflammatory fibroid polyp. Clinical pathological aspects, immunohistochemical findings, differential diagnosis and described new genetic alterations associated with this lesion are discussed.

Se presenta caso de paciente mujer de 67 años con sintomatología digestiva alta caracterizada por epigastralgia y náuseas. Su examen endoscópico muestra la presencia de lesión solevantada submucosa de 5 mm de diámetro. Las biopsias revelan la presencia de pólipo fibroide inflamatorio. Se discuten los aspectos clínico-patológicos, inmunohistoquímicos, diagnóstico diferencial y nuevas alteraciones genéticas descritas, asociadas a esta lesión.

Dermatosis IgA lineal: revisión y presentación de caso clínico / Linear IgA dermatosis: a case report and literature review

La Dermatosis IgA lineal es una enfermedad vesiculoampollar subepidérmica autoinmune caracterizada por anticuerpos IgA en la unión dermoepidérmica. Es una enfermedad poco frecuente, siendo la mayoría de los casos idiopáticos, pero con reporte de casos por medicamentos, infecciones virales, enfermedades autoinmunes y tumores malignos. Se presentará un caso clínico de Dermatosis IgA lineal causada por Diclofenaco.

Linear IgA dermatosis is an autoimmune subepidermal vesiculobullous disease characterized by IgA antibodies at the dermo-epidermal junction. It is an uncommon disease, with most cases idiopathic, but with case reports caused by drug, viral infections, autoimmune diseases and malignant tumors. A clinical case of Linear IgA dermatosis caused by diclofenac is presented.

Esporotricosis cutánea: revisión a propósito de un caso contraído en Chile / Cutaneous sporotrichosis: a Chilean case report

La esporotricosis es una infección subaguda a crónica causada por el hongo dimórf¡co Sporothrix schenckii, distribuido por todo el mundo, particularmente en climas templados y tropicales. La enfermedad afecta principalmente la piel y los vasos linfáticos, produciendo distintas formas clínicas, siendo la más frecuente la linfocutánea; sin embargo, puede ocurrir una diseminación a estructuras osteoarticulares y viscerales, especialmente en pacientes inmunosuprimidos. La infección linfocutánea generalmente se origina como consecuencia de traumas durante el trabajo al aire libre y la posterior inoculación del hongo a través de elementos contaminados, como el suelo, heno, espinas, madera y alambre de púas. La mayoría de los pacientes van a requerir tratamiento antimicótico, siendo el itraconazol el fármaco de elección. Además se utiliza ampliamente el yoduro de potasio en países subdesarrollados debido a su efectividad y bajo costo. Se presenta el caso de un paciente trabajador agrícola con esporotricosis cutánea, contraída en Chile, confirmada, que recibió tratamiento con itraconazol, evolucionando favorablemente.

Sporotrichosis is a sub acute to serious infection caused by a dimorphic fungus called Sporothrix schenckii, and disributed throughout the world, particularly in temperate and tropical climates. The disease affects mainly skin and lymph vessels, producing several clinical forms, most frequently lymphocutaneous. However, dissemination to musculoskeletal and visceral structures in immune suppressed patients may occur. Lymphocutaneous infection usually originates as a result of trauma during outdoor work and the subsequent inoculation of the fungus through contaminated objects such as soil, hay, thorns, wood and barbed wire. Most patients will require antifungal treatment; being itraconazole the drug of choice, Potassium iodine is widely used in developing countries due to its effectiveness and low cost we present the case of a farm worker with a confirmed cutaneous sporotrichosis infection contracted in Chile; the patient received itraconazole, with a favorable outcome.

Infección rinosinusal por Scedosporium apiospermum en un hospedero inmunocompetente / Scedosporium apiospermum rhinosinusal infection in an immunocompetent host

Scedosporium species can cause colonization, superficial and deep localized infection or systemic disease, espe-cially in irnmunocompromised hosts. We report a case of localized infection due to Scedosporium apiospermum in a 47 year oíd woman, with previous nasal surgery. She consulted for recurrent mucopurulent post-nasal discharge not responding to antibiotics. Computed tomography showed opacification of right maxillary sinus. Surgery was performed to removed abnormal tissue from sinus; biopsy revealed chronic sinusitis with aggregate of tightly packed hyphae suggestive of filamentous fungi. The microbiology fungal culture reported Scedosporium apiospermum.

Las infecciones por Scedosporium sp pueden traducirse en colonización, infecciones localizadas superficiales y profundas, o enfermedad diseminada. Presentamos un caso clínico de infección rinosinusal por Scedosporium apiospermum en una paciente de 47 años, con antecedente de cirugía por cuerpo extraño en la fosa nasal derecha. Consultó por descarga posterior muco-purulenta y recurrente, sin respuesta a tratamiento antibacteriano. Las imágenes de cavidades paranasales mostraron opacidad del seno maxilar derecho. Se realizó cirugía de remoción de contenido sinusal cuyo estudio histológico reveló sinusitis crónica erosiva, colonias de hongos con morfología sugerente de hongo filamentoso y desarrollo de S. apiospermum en el cultivo.

Leiomiomatosis peritoneal diseminada y embarazo / Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata and pregnancy

Se presenta el caso clínico de una mujer de 33 años con una leiomiomatosis peritoneal diseminada (LPD) diagnosticada durante cirugía por tumor anexial. Al siguiente año se embaraza. Durante la cesárea efectuada a las 38 semanas, se observa una exacerbación de la enfermedad con sospecha de malignización por lo que se efectúa una histerectomía total más salpingooforectomía bilateral y resección de sólo algunos nodulos de la cavidad abdominal. La biopsia diferida confirma el diagnóstico de LPD. A la fecha completó 8 años de seguimiento sin evidencias clínicas ni imágenes de persistencia.

We report the clinical case of 33 years-old woman with leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata (LPD) whose diagnosis becomes evident during a surgery for adnexal tumor. The next year she gets pregnant. During the cesarean section performed at 38 weeks' gestation, it is observed a disease exacerbation with malignant characteristics. Because of that, a total hysterectomy takes place. It is performed a bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and resection of only some nodules of the abdominal cavity. The deferred biopsy confirms the LPD diagnosis. By this time she has completed 8 years of clinical follow-up without clinical evidences or images of persistence.

Necrosis de escroto en adolescente / Necrosis of the scrotum in an adolescent

Paciente de 19 años, sin antecedentes mórbidos de importancia, que presentó necrosis y úlceras genitales sensibles durante un período de cuatro meses y medio, en relación a cuadros infecciosos amigdalianos y respiratorios.

We present the case of a 19-year-old patient, lacking significant morbid antecedents, who presented necrosis and sensitive genital ulcers during a period of four and a half moths, related with tonsillitis and respiratory infections.